Which of the following statements best describes effective consent?

• A. The owner gives permission
• B. It cannot be induced by force, threat, or lies
• C. It cannot be given if the person lacks mental ability to understand the consequences
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

Effective consent must be voluntary, given by someone with the authority to grant it, and based on an understanding of what is being allowed. The statements together capture these requirements: the owner gives permission, showing the necessary authority; it cannot be induced by force, threat, or lies, ensuring voluntariness; and it cannot be given if the person lacks the mental ability to understand the consequences, ensuring valid capacity. When all these conditions are met, consent is valid; otherwise, it is not.